Apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting.



E. B. A. R. A, ZWOYER. APPARATUS FOR PREPARING PULVERULENT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING OR BRIQUETING.

APPLIOA'I E? FILED AUG. 11, 1908.

4 1L 11 aE 0H 2% EN a JH &w m n e ITU 9w P I E. B. A. & R. A. ZWOYEB. APPARATUS FOR PBEPARIEG PULVERULENT MATERIALS FOR MOLDING OR BRIQUETING. APPLICATION FILED AUG.11, 190s 1%. Patented Jan. 2'0, 1914 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

lJJiJLLL L i.

.LLLLJ 1 All] ELLSWGBTH B. A. ZWOKER, CF HOBGKEN, AND HOLLAND A. ZWOYER, OF PERTH ABIBOY, ASSIGNOB-S TO THE ZWOYER FUEL COMPANY, OF NEW YQEL', N. 2., A CORPORATIGN NEW JERSEY.

erroneous r01 PREPARING rnsvnnnnnnr MATERIALS FOR MOLDING on,

. nnraunrrno.

Specification of Letters iateni To (122' whom it may cone-em v the -process invented by us, which P subjecomatter of contemporaneous applr Be it known that W8, ELLSWORTH B. it.

.ZWor -a. residing at Hoboken, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, and

nomenji. Ze os? residing at Perth Amboy, in the county of Middleseicand State of New Jersey, both citizens or the United States, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for the binder; with the dried or hot product,

and for then cooling and finishing the material to the condition; where it can be most eii'ectively handled.

The apparatus is designed to carry out forms the cation "for patent, which apparatus is shown diagrannna-tically and in a simplified term in the accompanying drawing, in ivlnchi Figurel is a vertical section through the apparatus taken on the line of the How of the material t-herethrough, Fig. 2 is a plan with certain portions omitted, 3 is a vertical section of a modified form of 't'oamer or pitch-introducing apparatus on a larger scale, and Fig. 4 is a vertical section through modified form of the apparatus.

In all views like parts are designated by the same reference characters.

The appa ntus consists of three or more horizontally arranged chambers l, '2 and 3, located at successively lOWCl' elevation, so

that the material can be discharged by gravity directly from one chamber into the next. -'-Each section of the apparatus is in the form of a long horizontal chamber,

. preferably constructed of brick, or of metal brick-lined, closed practically airtightand preferably having a rounded bottom. Lon-3 gitudinally through each chamber extends a shaft l, carrying gearing 5 at one end connected to means for applying power; thereto. The meanschosen for illustration) Patented educators.

Application filed august 11, 1908. Serialfiilaif 447,552.

comprises pulleys 6, which are driven by belts 7, from the countershaft 8. Upon the shafts in the chambers are secured blades 9, which rotate in the troughs in the bottoms of the chambers. Suitable and satisfactory blades are illustrated in our Patent No. 751,133.

The chamber 1 is provitled at its receiving end with a stack 10 for carrying off the products of combustion, ind with .a feed spout 11 for delivering puiveruleriit material to the chamber. The stack is provided with a controlling damper 10 and a steam jet 10 for producing an upward-"draft. The ma.- terial is delivered intol u spout by means of rolls 12, driven fromllii ecountershaft 8, and is fed to said rolls by a. screw conveyor 13, driven by a variable speed device 14 from such countershaft. Any other means may be used for preparing and introducing the material. Near the discharging end of the chamber 1 a heating furnace 15 is provided, delivering hot gases of combustion through flues 11' to the interior of the chamber at its top. The chamber 2 is also provided with a furnace 17 delivering hot products of combustion through fiues 18-00 the chamber at its top and near its discharging end. The chamber 3 discharges into an elevator pit 19, or other means for conveying the material to the molding or briqueting machines. Near the inner end of: the chamber 3 is a stack or air pipe 20 provided with a steam jet 21 pointing toward its outlet. The stack 20 is also pro vided with a damper 21. This steam jet is controlled by a valve 22 so that a regulated so outward draft can be produced in the stack 20 for drawing air through the chamber from the pit 19.

At the discharging end of the chamber 2 is located the discharge end of the pitch introducing apparatus 23. which discharges the pitch in a finely divided form upon tho material in the chamber 2 at its discharging end, or in the receiving end of the chamber 3, depending upon the mode of operation of 100 the pitch introducing apparatus, as will be described. This pitch introducing apparatus comprises a cylindrical pipe or chamber 2a in which the melted pitch is delivered through a pipe 25. The inelted pitch con- 105 'chc pipe by means hy' the mi'iui oi. the 171 pc .uc- 111g apparatus will be clili'erent LiCCOYKllHg to the pressure and. degree of wetness of me steam, 01 pressure oiithe water, if such alone is used, which eiiieis the pipe lVcter either alone or in wet steam will cause ebul- 5 lition o1.- bubbling oi: the oiich producing pitch foam. Dry sieoiu will not so the; pitch, but it Will simply be blown in finely (li'v'iclcii form into the mixing chainbe? 2. The i'ietuils of operation of the pitch 2o introducing ilppdll'iiiliifi will be described hirer. A modified form of pitch introducinghppuratus is illusirutcci in Fig/3, in which the body of": the device is in the fULill.

of an enlarged chamber 30,-which communicutest with the chamber 2 by an ()Ullei; pipe 310')? smaller diameter. The pii ch gipe 32 enters the chamber at the l'JOiEl JHZ, while Water is admitted through a pipe steam pipe enters chc :l'ront of ihe chaini- 30 her 80 and has an orifice which (lllElC toward the outlet oi? av chui'cben foam which uccuinulu in. the chuinbiir co may be driven by a sitcom jet from the pipe 34, into the chamber 'i his 'ie kl i scivs so also u menus for iuuinltu 'ng J'- 30 in a .houieo conililion, so as. to cause the pitch 21ml Waller to unite and form pitch foam. The pitch imbirotluciug apparatus is shown as delivering info the discharge end immediately 1 we the 40 of the (illi'llll'lQ/i? 5,

opening to the chamber 3 and the pitch is delivered out of the open end of the pitch.

introducing apparatus nto the clu mber 2.

The shafts in the three chambers are prefcrably rotated cl; :1 suiileientiy high speed to throw the finely divided nuitcriui up a; the lop 03 ii" chuinhcrs from whence SliOWQiTGCl clownwurdiy, thus inui uhuo niaizeiio i ifiii'il'icl'ffl Willi 1* so in a scpzi's iai comiitiou ll:

inc inmei' nl by the hoi: through this cl the chamber line lentmatciiul h being blown i hotter when it is iuziiin een; :csuspendecl position and also to so in c; "W (the shin ring action oi chumbeir 3 is ricl eo us he degree oi? p be most el hjrough the 4-H iil club mild, i-e tossed or separated more or i 'iiliiS illiil'ii chamber there Will be some mixing the hinder with the materich especially if the binder enters the niixing chamber 2 in the form of pitch foam.

in the operation of. the apparatus the furnaces 15 and 17 connected with the chambers i. and 2 are first storied in operation "its own leiiipei'cture in the latter chamber.

'ihe pulveruicnt material is fed to the drying chamber 1 in regulated quantities in a continuous stream curl in that chamber it is maintained. With its particles in'a separated condition and is slowly fed forward to the discharging end of the chamber} While the hot gases of combustion travel through the chamber to the stscklO, drying ancl heating the separate particles of the material. The dried and heated mimici-iel is cleliverecl by grm ity from the iirying chamber 1 to the receiving end o'f'the mixing'chambei 2. in this chamber a. regulated quantity of the binding material, is 6. cool by )iich or osphsl'tuni pitch is added to the ma icl. The melted pitch is delivered continuously in regulated quantities to the 7' filial end of lhe' pitch introducing appareius ie which is also continuously supplied a job steam. The pitch is maintained in the ionic 26 in o hesieclend highly fluid condition one: is so clcliverecl to the introducing apparatus and is blown from there into the slow iy the cimimber Where it is delivered into the of the cooling chamber 3. ch introducingapparatus is water, eiizhei clone 01" conin wet steam, the Water unites with the pitch and proiiuces a large volume of in of pitch which accumulates in the ehmubei" inns oui', or is blown out, by in some oil the steam, and falls upon fi ial:- iu ihe discharge end of" the iiihe structure illustmieo in employs pipe 28 of considerable his pipe is connected with a, *3 There mil be onion in this pipe and c 2; in the receiving end of the wearers either dry, or in controllable degree of wetness. i /hen very wet and under little pressure. the effect on the apparatus will be to merely foam the pitch. When under higher pressure the ettect will be to both toanr and blow the pitch. ll hen ille Stficlill is entirely dry, which can be secpred valve 29 to a 'rea usr eigtent, the pitch will not be foamed, but will be atomized or blown in finely divided form into the chamher 2. In the er chamber the material is fed forward to its discharging end and is cooled sui'hcierto brin the pitch to the condition of i deity where the material 5 can be most ei-rectiyely n'iolded or briqueted. The required amount of air to produce the desired cooling effect is brought through this cha= her by regulating the steam jet in the stack and also by controlling the '20 damper 21*.

While we have shown three sections of apparatus in the dra *ing, one for drying the materal, one for mixing the binder with the mater-ii, l, and one for cooling the mixed 25 product, it is evident that two or more sections of apparatus may be used for each purpose. Fig. at illustrates such an arrangement. The chambers are arranged in the manner already lescribed, at ditlerent elerations, and successively discharging one into the next. The material enters the chamber 1, throu h the chute or hopper 11,

and passes it to the chamber 1, the

ing the chambers l and 1 the stack 10. The pitch us connects with the chamber This chainintroducing discharging e her is prrwided with heating lines 1* and discharges into the chamber 2, also shown 1 as provided with heating tiues 18-. lVhen Q the pitch introducing apparatus 1s used pressure the finely divided with steam pitch will be thrown longitudinally a greater or length (it the chamber 2 and a certain amount will drop into the chamber 2. When the pitch is foamed and drops into the chamber from the pitch in- U'Otllilflll? apparatus it will enter the chamber 2 at its receiving end and will be mixed with the finely divided material in that chamber. It the pitth is foamed and then 1 direction and to any extent.

blown from the introdiu-ing apparatus part of it will enter the chamber 2 and part of it will enter the chamber 2. as depends upon conditions, and particularly upon the pres sure ot' the steam in the introducing apparatus, and also upon the condition oi the material. dryness and temperature. and the speed of rotation of the mixing blades. The material passes from the chamber 2 into the chamber which is shown as pro- ,rided with fines l8 and from the chamber to the chamber which corresponds with the chamber i 6 tturnace which CL Tl!lllll\":llQS with the tines by opening the r ...1. F] r i isriateu in mg The 18 may be used when necessary, although ordinarily the chambers 3 and 3 Will e used for cooling purposes only.

Between the stacks 10 and 20 are located additional stacks 10, 10, 10*, 10, which communicate respectively with the chambers l 2, 2 and 3. These stacks connect perferably as shown near the inlet or anterior portion of each chamber. Each is shown as provided with a damper and steam jet, similar to those already described in connection with the stacks 10 and 20 By means of these stacks and their controlling dampers and steam jets the hotgases of combustion from the lines 16, 18, 18 or 18 can be directed upward, and discharged from any of the chambers. v

'he function will ary to some extent with the mperation of the pitch introducing apparatus. hen this apparatus is used with dry steam and there is no foaming operation, practically all of the mixing will occur in the chamber 2, although some mixing will occur in the chamber 2*. When the introducing apparatus is used as a foanier with low pressure steam, or water, or both, practically all of the mixing will occur in the, chamber 2, and the chamber 2 will have the same function as the chambers 1 and 1. in all cases the mixing continues in all of the chambers following that into which the j binder is introduced, but it becomes less and 5 less as the material reaches the discharging end of the chamber 3. it is possible, by controlling the dampers in the pipe 20 and stack 10, and in controlling the outlets of the tines 16, 18, 18 and 18*, to accommodate the apparatus to material in different conditions of temperature, dryness and fineness. This is particularly desirable in briquet-ing coal dust which will paratus can be regulated as will be apparent without stopping its operation and without hindering the progress of the material through the apparatus. 1 the dampers and the steam jets in the stacks 10, 10, 10*, and 10, the hot gases can be caused to pass through the chambers in any For example, should it l found that the chamber 1 is too hot. the damper 1U may be closed, and the damper in the stack 10 opened. The hot gases from the line 16 will then pass out through the stack 10 and will not enter the chamber 1. Should it be-desired to cause the hot gases to traverse the apparatus in the opposite direction. then all of the dampers, except that in the pipe 10 could be closed, and the hot gases would then traverse the chambers 1. 2 and pass out through f the stack 10? it the dampers or steam jets in the other stacks are suitably controlled the path of the hot gases would accommodate,

l l I and during short periods of time. The apl Also by regulating l vary in these attributes within wide limits ioo J 10 can be dammed withoui the 115g 20 dies. When the n itseii mwrdingif). draft can be made opei iing Hm closing th s; mini 5 than by means 0 r the Bi-Mil 00k? air 0:11 the; elevatci pit 1i) and ii" thmuigh time {stack if,

il mier snme contiitibns; fail: mm"? A heaiing and 11mm 3 1m m3 mixing chain S11 H16" 75 ing chmnhey mid. is] deli he 62mm w ntiaiiy material (iiimti y ifrmn themixei. to "511a 50mm. ing' or briquei'ing presses. It has been is Iiii pweparnw puiveru V essential that the material houl" 1710 1911i; materials for nmiV' bilmeting, the

15 oughiy heated. before the pitch. is; a ltied ix Cambium" ceniing cimm- 59 and it is desirable to hava the material k", be 1:1 n: infiiialini if 'ough as We h. we found. that dry material if iii aim in; syiaccen ozp, iHQQ'GS 01 iced- LESS heat than, i A; p inziieiiiii is i time II 11;; rzhamiimi' mic proper Eidilfl'fincfi of the piwh i im'ongrh the aiming 01: bi'i cpiet-ing, a

'zei'izil is V-d tlonzil fumac'es may be added chamber, or chamriheis (i .lfl 2111p aim 150;; 1021i inaizemaig for l-iCi n chamber, mrliiie number of 1:. u g. .SJHQUOH 02: in Hg and cmimg chammayiie inci'ezis so that the ma;- bars, f0}? mlmg' msiie 1 through with i-m a, the mai'eiiai in H1 pal-rams vmici; We now 00:: 11* i0 repi'e-- fnr div" 1; 5 3h (2001i sent the hesi Qmamiiment th (if; cnnrber substm i forth; dsii'e is have it understand v 6. In appmmus 1"' )i'pi?e i1'iw ant ZIHTLUS'EEH W1). is meifeiv iiusirn r idiii the he iiiveniimi 52.11 1% carried in other Ways" we claim ,i sw anal 165111 6 to 13113781.) Letv i-1am im: 1i 11 m i an i gilowgg ante 01: axhzuxiiiaer tni' iimwingl 1. In apiiai'aiius i301 prep: puiver' 300-1111 1101 611 221ml and ":11 116m? into an iDiJQl' mud ia x:

1 4. in a materials lent mzrierinig fm: molding 01 briqlmt 40 theflombination 0f drying, in

ing; chambers-5 means 1301* i2 tei'ial through these chambe 101* gnu-owing oz:"briquefiing, the

meansifor deiiveying hem (211 0: 1 wmimmicating sea oi gases'to thadryiug chamber cimmbers iminiing :1 cuntiimmis passage,

is ing z;v binder 0 the mixing chamber, and For introducing pulverized material means i 01 drawing air iii-you the sealing at one e110; 0:? L119 pzmf lzififl a d. i101? i m ing chamber, subsitzmtizily as set 01411 the 01, l 1 and zind means inappam" mi'mmi nt Z binder i is an internmt flfliS i 01- i. H143 w, iLLIi ineians 541 combinatio uf 11;

A .H mu iniiziiiiin y" its in iiuieh in .L timing chambei', means A and 6 bQ'i. and Lilia-i1 bur me: maiiiriai M19 21115) for ing pulverulent material at one end of the p assage and means for drawing cooling gases into the other end, and means for introducing a binder. v

10. In apparatus for preparing ulverulent materials for molding or hriqueting, the combination of passage having agitating devices therein, means for introducing material at one end of the passage and means for introducing heating and drying gases at a point intermediate the ends of the passage and means for permitting the escape of such gases and causing them to traverse the passage in a direction opposite to the direction of the passage of the material and means for introducing a binder.

11. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting, the combination of an inclosed passage containing agitating devices, means for introducing material at onelend of the passage and means for removin it at the other, means for introducing a binder, a stack intermediate the ends of the passage and means within the stack for creating a draft of air therethrough to cool the material.

12. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting, the combination of an inclosed passage containing agitating and conveying] devices, means for introducing material at one end of the passage and means for removing it at the other end, means for introducing heating gases, means fort introducing a binder, and means for introducing cooling gases.

13. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting, the combinationpf a drying chamber, means for showering the pulverulent material in such drying chamber whereby the pulverulent material will be maintained with its part-L cles in a separated condition in such drying chamber, means for passing heating and drying gases through such drying chamber in contact with such separated particles, a mixing chamber receiving the heated and dried material from the drying chamber, means for delivering a binder to the material in'the mixing chamber, and means in said mixing chamber for mixing the binderwith the heated and dried material, substantially as set forth.

14. In apparatus for preparing pulverulent materials for molding or briqueting, the combination of a drying chamber, means for showering the pulverulent material insuch drying chamber whereby the pulverulent material will be maintained with its particles in a separated condition in such drying chamber, means for passing heating and drying gases through such drying chamber in contact with such separated particles, a mixing chamber receiving the heated and dried material from the drying chamber, means for delivering a binder to the material'in the mixing chamber, and rotating stirrers for stirring the binder into the heated and dried pulverulent material in the mixing chamber, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 7th day of August, 1908.

ELLSWOBTH B. A. ZWOYER. ROLLAND A. ZWOYER.

Witnesses VIRGIL H. Hnwns, FRANK 'NEER. 

